BIRDS: Mackinac County,
 Michigan - Checklist

                                                                                     Compiled by R. V. ("Dick") Dietrich

    | Photo Album |

[The Photo Album includes more than 500 photographs
of birds within Mackinac County.  They were taken
      by 27 people, wholse names are noted in the captions.]

                   

                       
      This compilation is dedicated to the memory of 

                                            Frances Smith Dietrich (1921-2007),
                                            Grace Lillie Dietrich (1895-1962),
                                            Rena Vincent Marsh (1893-1951)






INTRODUCTION

Two hundred ninety (290) species of birds that have been recorded as observed in Mackinac County of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan are listed in this compilation.  Of this total, however, one of the species is now extinct, one was introduced and is now absent, one is extirpated, two others are thought possibly to be extirpated, and 19 are questioned as valid records;  each of the questioned records is preceded by a bold-face question mark (?) on the A.O.U. list.  One of the birds so questioned is the Kirtland's Warbler;  it is listed because the species was among the "thousands of birds killed annually [during migration] at the Spectacle Reef Light" (Barrows, 1912), but it has not been recorded as observed within the county itself.  This lighthouse is in Lake Huron, ~10.7 miles east of Bois Blanc Island and south of the eastern Lower Peninsula just west of a southward extension of the county line between Mackinac and Chippewa counties.  On this basis, even though it seems likely that this warbler has also been within Mackinac County one or more times in the past, it seems only prudent to question that possibility.  By the by, the species recorded for this lighthouse are preceded by three asterisks (***) in the Notes/References column on the A.O.U. list.  

Two lists are included:  The first one gives the common and scientific names of the birds according to the A.O.U. list  -- i.e., the American Ornithologist's Union check-list of North American Birds, 7th edition plus its supplements.  The second, given as the INDEX, has the common names of the birds in alphabetical order.
          
The A.O.U. list includes additional information as follows:  

                     NOTES are given for several of the species.in the column headed Notes/References,   The first entry for the birds that are protected under the Endangered Species Act of the State of Michigan, according to the list that became effective on April 9, 2009 (see (MB) in references cited), gives their status -- i.e., Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern.  Additional information includes such things as the following:  Species listed on  Michigan's Bird Records Committee's state checklist  as only Casual or Accidental (see (MA) in references cited);  selected  records that support the fact that the given bird has been identified as being within the county;  tidbits that including such things as former names widely applied to a few of the birds and information about a few of the birds that indicate that marked changes have taken place in the county's avifauna during the last century or so;  relatively recent information, much of which has been sent to the compiler or is based on his own observations -- sources for the former are noted with "p.c." (i.e., personal communication) whereas the latter are not attributed --  many of both of these kinds of information are supported by photographs included in the Photo Album. "See photo" or "See photos" indicates that one or more photograph(s) of the given species is in the "Photo Album" that is linked to this compilation -- click the following:
  
                                                                                                                     [ Photo Album ]

or any of the similarly noted links in this column to get to this album.
 
                      BREEDING RECORDS, column headed BR,  are indicated as definite ( ! ), probable ( # ) or possible ( ± ) for each bird that has been so-recorded within the county.  Most of these indications are those published in Brewer et al. (1991),   Regrettably,  I have not been given access to the county-based data recorded during the more recent compilation of breeding records. 

                     OCCURRENCE DATA are historical  -- i.e., they are based on recorded sightings and other observations, some that are relatively recent.:  Those from the literature, including the internet, are attributed to the source that is cited in the Seclected References;  those not so-attributed are based on the compiler's tentative conclusions, which, in turn are based on conversations, discussions, etc..   The validity of the identification of those preceded with a bold face question mark (?) has been questioned.  The occurrences of most of the species are correlated with winter, summer, and/or spring/fall, the last being the most common migration seasons -- i.e., a large percentage of the occurrences listed in this column pertain to a so-to-speak record of the bird as a migrant.  The time periods used for the seasons are based on the weather rather than on astronomically based  terminology whereby each season is considered to begin with an equinox or solstice -- e.g., winter refers to the time when there is usually snow cover.  The descriptive terms -- common, frequent, uncommon, and occasional -- are subjective. That is to say, they merely indicate that the given bird is relatively common (or whatever) in its appropriate environment within the county during the noted season(s).  Most of the indications in the Hbt (= habitat/environment) column are those given on the Hiawatha National Forest brochure "Breeding Birds of Eastern Upper Michigan:  A Field Checklist."  The key for these follows:     
         
AS - alder swamp CM - cattail marsh LS - lakes & swamps
SM - sedge marsh
BF - brush forests
DB - dense brush MF - mixed forests UO - upland openings
BL - Great & inland lakes GL - Great lakes MH - mixed hardwoods UR - urban areas
BO - brush openings IH - all inland habitats PF - pine, wet forests WB - wide beaches
CF - conifer forests IL - inland lakes R - rivers       WD - wet/dry openings
CL - cliffs  LK - lakeshore SC - Swamp conifer WL - wetlands


The gray background color for a few of the entries has no significance so far as the context.  It is there only to facilitate correlation of the pertinent notes etc. to the individual species of relatively large groups of species of the same family.

       Finally, it seems prudent to mention that  the contents of this column will be changed continually -- e.g., modified, added to or even deleted.  

          I shall greatly appreciate anyone's directing my attention to changes -- e.g., corrections or additions -- that should be made in this compilation ! ! !   

 Click here to send them to me via email

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS     

         First, the dedicatees, Frances, Aunt Grace and Aunt Rena:   Aunt Rena, my mother's sister, first started me watching and identifying birds at feeders in her garden during the late 1920s.  Aunt Grace, my father's sister and ever the teacher, purchased bird books to help me identify birds wherever I saw them.  Frances, my friend for nearly seventy years and my wife for alnmost sixty-one years, helped me in innumerable ways as I observed birds here and there throughout the world.  Although I do not easily relate to such thoughts, even now, whenever I see certain birds unexpectedly, especially a relatively rare one, I always glance upward and say, "Thank you, Girls!"  -- meaning these three ladies.
        Two highly knowledgeable, widely reputed bird-watchers, John W. Murray and Nicholas L. Cuthbert, while spending many days in the field with me, helped me improve certain aspects my bird-watching procedures.  In addition, their kind comments about my observational skills increased my confidence so far as identifying birds not previously seen.   Frances S. Dietrich, Robert B. and Krista D. Brown, Kurt R. Dietrich, David D. Ginsburg, Stephen J. Sjogren, Alan Huff, Barbara Brown, and Kathlleen Schacht, have graciously given their time, supplied information, and/or accompanied me in the field as I have been observing birds within Mackinac County. Emmett E. Mason helped design the chart that evolved into the A.O.U. list.  Kurt R. and Richard S. Dietrich critiqued and proofed the copy.
        As the "compiled by" indicates, information about most of the birds included on this list is taken from records of former observers.  Most are indicated by the references with  the notes on the A.O.U. list and/or given in the selected references.  Many of these references are "secondary" -- i.e., compilations of data rather than the originally published record or observation. 
         I  gratefully acknowledge my indebtedness to each of these contributors.

                                                                          R.V. Dietrich, April, 2013
 ------------ 
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 A.O.U.  Listing


ANSERIFORMES

        ANATIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 
Su 

S/F
Hbt
   LEGEND
$Greater White-fronted Goose, Anser albifrons On older lists, and once considered common, it was not been recorded for the county for nearly a century (see discussion by Barrrows, 1912, p. 117).  In fact, N.A. Wood (1951) "excluded [this species] from [his Michigan checklist] ... for lack of positive evidence" but included it on his "Hypothetical List."
       Recently, the species has been identified within Mackinac County:  Robert B. Brown, of St. Ignace and Hessel, saw 6-8 of these geese at Hessel on 02 March 2011 (p.c., 4 March '11.); Stan Lilley and Myles McNally recorded one near the Arnold line #3 dock in St. Ignace on 12 Feb 2012, and I  observed the bird daily on or near the dock  until 28 Feb.2012, a day when strong winds and blowing snow moved into the area.  See photos [Photo Album].



 o 


 o 
GL

$Snow Goose, Chen caerulescens
A small flock in Lake Michigan, along Rte. 2, near sand dune, west of Pte. Aux Chenes, late November, 1978.  One at St. Ignace marina, mid November, 2002 (Wg). One in Straits area 21-25 Oct. 2011.  One offshore from Huron St., St. Ignace 8 Oct. 2012 (K.Schacht, p.c.). See photos [Photo Album].



 o
 o
 o
GL

   Key:
R-resident
c - common
Cackling Goose, Branta hutchinsii One observed in Brevort Lake, October, 2008
 (Steve Baker, p.c. 24 Jan. 2010)   See photos [Photo Album].






o


f - frequent
u-uncommon
$Canada Goose, Branta canadensis Four family groups -- i.e., two adults, apparently a pair, plus downy hatchlings were swimming offshore from Boulevard Dr. on 7 May 2012;  the number of hatchlings per group ranged from three (3) to ten (10).
See photos [Photo Album] -- one of the geese is banded.
!
 o
cR
c

BL   
o - occasional
? [Brant,  Branta bernicla] A lone individual tentatively identified in Straits area off South State St., St. Ignace, 23 March 2013

 

 


o?




? [Barnacle Goose,  Branta leucopsis] "An immature was identified on 21 May [1965] near Naubinway, ... and determined to be this species rather than an Am. Brant (EGB)." (Ke) 







 
o?


Breeding record:
$Mute Swan, Cygnus olor  An example:  50 to 60 mute swans made a stop of about 24 hours in Lake Michigan, just west of the "Big Mac" bridge 28-29 Nov. 2011;  another group of 36 were in the same area 2 Dec. 2011  Some observers have mistaken immature mute swans as other species -- e.g., black swans .  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 u

cR
 c
BL
 ! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible
$Trumpeter Swan, Cygnus buccinator Threatened  "Louie Dombroski had 4 TRUMPETER SWANS in a flooded field on Dollarville Road on March 29th." (UP: April 2, 2007)  Also said to have bred on South Manistique Lake.  Eight observed on Lake Brevort 14 Apr. 2011.

  #
 
uR
 c 
 IL

$Tundra Swan, Cygnus columbianus Formerly widely known as "whistling swan."  "[14] at LaBarbe on 13th [April, 2006]."  (UP: April 25, 2006)   At Pte. LaBarbe 2 October 2009 (UP: October 15, 2009).  See photos [Photo Album].






 c
 BL

Black Swan,  Cygnus atratus
The presence of one or more of these swans within the county has been recorded by photographs -- See photos [Photo Album].  The general consensus is that the black swans recorded here and elsewhere in North America are escapees;  especially in the past, this species was distributed rather widely in, for example, ponds near corporate office buildings. 
       The exact dates, as yet not known, for the visits of these swans and the distance between the two locatons where the photographs were taken indicate that these may be two different individuals.  









GL

$Wood Duck, Aix sponsa  Forty to more than fifty were at a pond east of Simmons Rd. each night during part of May, 2010 (p.c.,Vern Hunt). See photo [Photo Album]. 

  !


uR
   f
 IL

$Gadwall, Anas strepera  Two were observed, along with some American wigeons, in a bay along Boulevard Dr., on 28 Apr.2011;  three (two males and one female) in same general location, 31 May 2011; several in same general location by 27 March 2012 . See photos [Photo Album].  
  ±


 u
   f
 BL
 
? Eurasian Wigeon, Anas penelope "Jerry Ziarno found a male EURASIAN WIGEON in a flock of American Wigeos & Redheads off Point Larbarbe (sec) on April 26th [2007].  Efforts to refind this bird have been unsuccessful." (UP:  April 30, 2007)







  o



$American Wigeon, Anas americana Four males and one female were offshore from Boulevard Dr., daily from 14 to 19 Apr.2010 .  See photos [Photo Album].   
  #
 
 u
  u
 BL
   
$American Black Duck, Anas rubripes One seen at Steeles Creek July 5, and eight more on August 1, 1919 (VT3). 

  !
 o
 u
  u
 BL
      
$Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 f
cR
  c
 BL

$Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors  None recorded in 2011.  A pair offshore from the Boulevard, southwest of St. Ignace- 28 April, 2013;  another pair was in reedy area near boat launch ramp in Cedarville 1 May 2013 .  . 

  ! 


uR
   f
 IL

Cinnamon Teal, Anas cyanoptera
 Accidental (MA).  Observed "along Lake Michigan shoreline near St. Ignace, Mackinac County, on 2 May 1977 (DNR)" (P:11).   This  species is NOT on the "Field Checklist of Birds of Michigan's Upper Peninsula" dated 15 Jan. 2010 (Hi). 






  o



$Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata A complete skeleton (MMSU #2252), collected 1 October 1957 at an unidentified location within the county (FL).  One male on "bar" that extends into water from Boulevard Dr. - 10 Apr.2011;  pair -- male & female -- near-shore reed area south of junction of Densmore and Boulevard drives. - 17 Apr. 2012;  two pair at wastewater lagoon, Cedarville - 22 ... Apr. 2012 . See photo [Photo Album]. 
 ±




  u
CM
     Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional
$Northern Pintail, Anas acuta Uncommon spring visitor to Straints and, for example, Lake Brevort.
See photos [Photo Album].
  #


 u
  c
 BL
 
Breeding record: 
$Green-winged Teal, Anas crecca Observations:  One near Hessel, 11 August 1920 (VT3);  on Mackinac Island, June 1937 (P:10).   Four in off shore, near "bar" that extends into lake along Boulevard Dr., St. Ignace - 13 Apr.2011;  flock of 10-12 in bay near north end of Boulevard Dr. 31 March 2012 . 
  !


 u
   f
 BL
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible 
$Canvasback, Aythya valisineria Among several fairly recent reports:  Two at Point LaBarbe 1 May 2007 (UP: May 7, 2007)  Seven observed at Pte. LaBarbe 7 Apr.2008 by Kirk Zulfelt (UP: May 2, 2008).  Two males and two females observed offshore from Boulevard Dr., daily 12-19 Apr.2010;  a pair was in the same area 18-25 Nov.2011.  A single male was in same bay 2 Dec. 2011; five were there 26 March 2012; a pair was there late April, 2013 . -- See photos [Photo Album].






  u
GL

$Redhead, Aythya americana 
Perhaps the most numerous of the  migrant ducks of the Straits area;  more than 5,000 have been in the area at one time -- e.g., early spring of 2013 .  See photos [Photo Album].
  ±
  o
  f
  c
GL

$Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris A pair, female and male, at Clark Twp.wastewater lagoon, west of BlindLine Rd., 8 April 2012;  male at Brevprt Twp. wastewater pond, south of Dam Rd., 9 April 2012;  several were in Straits, in Aux Chenes River and in the Clark Twp. water lagoons late April and early May 2013 . See photo [Photo Album]. 

  ! 


  f
  u
 BL

$Greater Scaup, Aythya marila Greater and Lesser Scaups, both frequently referred to as "bluebills" by hunters, are not distinguished in most records.     See photos [Photo Album].






   f
GL 

$Lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis See note on preceding species. 
  ±


 u
   f
GL

Black Scoter, Melanitta nigra
 "American Scoter, oidemia americana" among the Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands area. (VT3).






  o
GL

Surf scoter, Melanitta perspicillata One reported by Kirk Zulfelt at  Pte. LaBarbe, 4 December [2009] (B:19Jan.'10).



  o


  o 
GL
 
$White-winged Scoter, Melanitta fusca One was seen by Vince Yurkuas on 24 June 1985 in an unpublished location in Mackinac [County] (T:915).   In addition, Michigan's DNR "has confirmed Type E Botulism in the white-winged scoter... (Mackinac County)." (SG)  Five seen by compiler and son off Arnold Transit Company freight dock in St. Ignace, 15 March 2010;  one seen at same location and another one off shore at Pte. LaBarbe, 19 April 2013 . See photos [Photo Album].  




 o



GL
     Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional
$Long-tailed Duck, Clangula hyemalis ***  Formerly named, and still widely called, "oldsquaw" and in a few reports as only "squaw." "Oldsquaw  - a solitary male in summer plumage ... near Hessel August 11, 1920" (VT3).  Michigan's DNR "has confirmed Type E Botulism in the long-tailed duck (as probable)  ... (Mackinac County)." (SG)  Several later records, most off shore at St. Ignace;  in addition, one "on Milokia Lake [during first full week of November, 2005]"  (UP: November 9, 2005)  See photos [Photo Album].


 f
 o
  u
GL


Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible
$Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola "I observed one flock of eight July 3, 1890." (Wh)
See photos [Photo Album].


 u
  f
   f
BL

$Common Goldeneye, Bucephala clangula   A few of these ducks are often here during the winter, after the bays are frozen -- usually in water near the edge of the ice.
See photos [Photo Album].
  !

 f
  f
   f
GL

?Barrow's Goldeneye, Bucephala islandica     
Listed as observed at  "St. Ignace, Mackinac County" with no reference, date, ...  cited  (P:14)



 o?


o?



$Hooded Merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus
See photos [Photo Album].
  !

 o
 u
   f
BL

$Common Merganser, Mergus merganser See photos [Photo Album]. Note about Common Goldeneye also obtains here.

  !

 f
 fR
  c
BL

$Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator "Round Island ... A set of nine incubated eggs was taken ...July 4, 1891." (Wh)  See photos [Photo Album].
  ! 
 u
 fR
   f
GL

Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis One was killed on Mackinac Island 3 September 1890 (Wh).   See photos [Photo Album].






  o



      
GALLIFORMES

        ODONTOPHORIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND
Northern Bobwhite, Colinus virginianus
(extirpated?)
 		Two on Mackinac Island, 24 July 1890.  "Mr. Early [landowner on island] states that they were once common on his farm , but were exterminated by hunters." (Wh)  One bobwhite, though, as noted, the species has been considered "extirpated?" so far as this  county for several years, was seen, heard, and photographed in St. Ignace in early April, 2012 -- See photo [Photo Album].







 
 
 o


     Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional

        PHASIANIDAE

                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  Key:
Gray Partridge, Perdix perdix 
   (introduced; now absent)		 Widely called Hungarian partridge.   This  species is NOT on the "Field Checklist of Birds of Michigan's Upper Peninsula" dated 15 Jan.2010 (Hi). 











$Ring-necked Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  This species, native to Asia and introduced into the United States as a game bird, is rare within the county.  Pheasants recently seen seem likely to represent those known to have been hatched from eggs obtained from, for example, the Rudyard Co-op --  e.g., in 2007, Cheryl Amacher, who lives on Charles Moran Rd. west of M123, hatched 10-12 eggs, later released the pheasants, and subsequently saw only one of the hens regularly thereafter;  she thinks that the others probably became food for predators such as coyotes and hawks. But see dates on photos and note the fact that a male and female were together south the Brevort Lake Rd (H37) east of Black Point Rd.during the mating season, June, 2011. See photos [Photo Album].
 ±
 u
 u
 u
BO
Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible
$Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus    Referred to as partridge in some reports. See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 R
 R
 R
MH

$Spruce Grouse, Falcipennis canadensis Special Concern  
See photos  [Photo Album];  photographs are in "Wish List" group.
  !
 R
 R
 R
SC

$Sharp-tailed Grouse, Tympanuchus  phasianellus Special Concern  A couple recent examples:  "3 ... at Point (sic) LaBarbe on 20th [December, 2005] (UP: January 24, 2006)  January, 2010 -- a flock of 20-plus birds was east of  Simmons Rd., ca. 1 mile north of St. Ignace Rd.  April, 2011 -- 8 were north of Lovegrove Rd. east of Rte.123.  See photos [Photo Album].
  #
 R
 R
 R
UO
 
Greater Prairie-Chicken, Tympanuchus cupido   (extirpated) Last recorded in state in 1981 (G:81).










 
$Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo   See photo [Photo Album].
  #
 uR
uR
 R
MH


GAVIFORMES

        GAVIIDAE


                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Common Loon, Gavia immer Threatened   Michigan's DNR "has confirmed Type E Botulism in the  common loon ... (Mackinac County)." (SG)   See photo [Photo Album].
  !


uR
  f
BL

Red-throated Loon, Gavia stellata
 “Rare transient and winter visitant ... In most instances only a single individual ..., usually along the Great Lakes shores." (Wd:17)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  And, among reports from adjacent counties, "Christofferson reported 1 at Blaney, Schoolcraft Count, on October 23 and 24, 1933."  (Wd:17)


o?



o?
GL
     Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasiona


PODICIPEDIFORMES

        PODICIPEDIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
Breeding record:
$Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps   ***    See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 fR
  f
BL
!  - definite
$Horned Grebe, Podiceps auritus Two offshore from Boulevard Dr., St. Ignace - 20 Oct. 2009.  One  in Lake Michigan, offshore from South State St., St. Ignace - 21 Oct. 2011 and two in Lake Brevort - 22 Oct. 2011.  Two offshore down-town dock area, St. Ignace - 17 Oct. 2012 and five in Lake Brevort - 4 Nov. 2012. See photos [Photo Album].   


 o
 u
 u
GL
#  - probable
±  - possible
$Red-necked Grebe, Podiceps grisegena A single breeding record, in a marsh near Cedarville, dates to June 1976 (Ch).  Michigan's DNR "has confirmed Type E Botulism in the red-necked grebe ... (Mackinac County)." (SG)  And, "observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  "at Pt. (sic) LaBarbe on 23rd [April, 2006]."  (UP: April 25, 2006)  Three in Straits, off Coast Guard dock 14 April 2012.   See photo [Photo Album].  

  !


 o
 o



Western Grebe,  Aechmophorus clarkii "Word-of-mouth" reports of sightings of this bird within the Straits area have existed over several years.  An occurrence in mid January, 2013 has been verified by a number of dependable observers.




 o








PELECANIFORMES

        PELECANIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
 One is recorded as flying over the I-75/M-123 interchange north of St. Ignace, 26 September 2005 (Au).   "A flock of 15-20 ... on South Manistique Lake on June 8th [2008]"  (UP: June 10, 2008). "26 ... reported [and photographed] ...in the outer Prentis Bay" 29 May 2012 (SM).  [These were earlier incorrectly recorded here as in Chippewa Co. -- my error!]  Five in flight above Boulevard Dr, St. Ignace, and the adjacent offshore area on 10 June 2012 -- See photos [Photo Album].  




 
 o



        PHALACROCORACIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Double-crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus Green Island (Lake Michigan) is recorded as the "home to ... 600 Double-crested Cormorant pairs ...." (NA)  See photos [Photo Album].      
  !


cR
 c
GL


CICONIIFORMES

        ARDEIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$American Bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus
Special Concern  "Several were observed ... and one specimen taken by T.G. White [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)  See photos [Photo Album].
  !


uR
  f
CM
 
Least Bittern, Ixobrychus exilis Threatened   Although noted it as  "an abundant bird in all suitable places in the state" (Ba:133), the nearest records that I have found, other than the indication of the probable breeding, is for Cheboygan county (Wd:38 & Pe:38).  
  #


 o


CM

$Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias 
See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
 fR
  f
  IL

$Great Egret, Ardea alba  "Brian Johnson reported 5 GREAT EGRETS at Pt. Aux Chenne on the 26th [August, 2006]  (UP: August 26, 2006). Two observed at Pte. LaBarbe 7 Apr.2008 by Kirk Zulfelt (UP:  May 2, 2008).  One in reeds offshore Bouldvard Dr. 11 June 2012.       See photos [Photo Album].




 
 o


 
Snowy Egret, Egretta thula
 Widespread hearsay has this bird within the county a few summers ago. The presence of one at two fairly nearby locations west of St. Ignace is given on the Mich-listers web site for May 2004 (Ci).    







  o



?Tricolored Heron , Egretta tricolor Casual (MA).  One was reported by Matt & Cyndi Johnstone at Pte. LaBarbe on 3 July 2006 (UP: July 12, 2006).




o?





Cattle Egret, Bubulcus ibis
 One was reported to Rarebirds.com as along a shoreline, near St. Ignace, 21 Aug. 2006.




 o





Green Heron, Butorides virescens   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP) Records for Cheboygan county (Wd:32&Pe:37) also seem noteworthy.  And, the species is listed on the checklist of the Hiawatha National Forest (n.d.).  In addition, a friend, who is a fine, objective "bird-watcher" indicates that he thinks, but is not sure, that he recalls once having seen one near Hessel.




o? 


AS
      Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional
$Black-crowned Night-Heron, Nycticorax nycticorax Special Concern    In the past, the following information was said to obtain:  St. Helena Island "supports a moderately large colony of nesting Black-crowned Night Herons."  Bear Island is the "home to a moderately large colony."  [and]  Green Island (Lake Michigan) is the "home to a small number of nesting Black-crowned Night-Herons." (NA)   "9 ..at Pt. (sic) LaBarbe on 23rd [April, 2006]."  (UP: April 25, 2006)  Four (or more) arrived several  nights (each night?) at about sunset at the St. Ignace Marina during much of May and June in 2012 -- see the one photographed on  11 May 2012.   See photo [Photo Album].
  !


uR
 u
  IL


Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible


 FALCONIFORMES

        CATHARTIDAE


                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND
? Black Vulture, Coragyps altratus
 Above Boulevard, St. Ignace 10 & 13 June 2012











$Turkey Vulture, Cathartes aura 
     "Late" winter/"early" spring pair at Allenville, 18 March 2012.  See photos [Photo Album].  One of the Photos indicates a !  is the more likely correct BR.  >

  #
 <
  o
cR
 c
 IH


        ACCIPITRIDAE


                                  Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
$Osprey, Pandion haliaetus Special Concern   Habitat: also Les Cheneaux area of Lake Huron.   See photos [Photo Album].
  !



 fR
 u 
BL
   Key:
R-resident  
$Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus  Special Concern   Habitat: also near Lakes Huron & Micigan.  Currently (in 2000s and into early 2010s) is becoming more abundant both as a resident and as a migrant (e.g., a group of 12 was at Gros Cap in mid-November, 2011). . See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 R
cR
 c
BL
c - common
f - frequent
u - uncommon
o -occasional     
$Northern Harrier, Circus cyaneus Special Concern   Formerly widely known as "marsh hawk."  "Two very late for the UP ... December 8th" reported by Gerald Vork and Steve Baker (B:19 Jan.'10).  See photos [Photo Album].
  #
 o
 fR
  f
WD

$Sharp-shinned Hawk, Accipiter striatus
See photo [Photo Album].
  !
 o
uR


SC
 
$Cooper's Hawk, Accipiter cooperii  

  !
 u
uR


MH
  
Northern Goshawk, Accipiter gentilis
Special Concern     "In 1889 two pairs ... could be seen on any clear day [from Mackinac Island]."  (Wh)

  !
 u
 o


MH
 
$Red-shouldered Hawk, Buteo lineatus 
Threatened    "A pair lived on the [Mackinac] island in 1890." (Wh)  Two recent observations were near Moran -- 9 September 2010 & 6 September 2012.  See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 u
 u
MH

$Broad-winged Hawk, Buteo platypterus  See photos [Photo Album].    
  !
 o
 fR
  f
MH

$Red-tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis  See photos [Photo Album].

  !
uR
 fR
 R
WD

$Swainson's Hawk, Buteo swainsoni
 One (UMMZ) collected [near Hessel] 13 October 1908 by Clarence Law (Z&VT:13).  See photos [Photo Album].






 o



$Rough-legged Hawk, Buteo lagopus 
Recorded on Mackinac Island (Wh).   See photos [Photo Album].


 f


 u




$Golden Eagle, Aquila chrysaetos
A tracked golden eagle of northern Quebec "migrated along Hudson Bay, then moved through Ontario to cross the Great Lakes by the Strait of Mackinac..." (Br)  "Brian Zwiebel reported an immature GOLDEN EAGLE on a deer kill along I-75 north of St. Ignace on February 5th [2007]." (UP: February 13, 2007)   One was seen east of Engadine by two experienced observers, 9 July 2011.  See photo [Photo Album].



 o


 o


Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible

        FALCONIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$American Kestrel, Falco sparverius  Formerly widely known as "sparrow hawk."  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
cR
 u
UO

$Merlin, Falco columbarius Threatened   "Mackinac County (8.5 miles S of Gould City)" (P:17) And, "observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj) and one or more has been observed near St. Ignace -- e.g., along Boulevard Drive -- in 2010, 2011 & 2012.  See photos [Photo Album].
  ±
 u
 c
 u
SC

Gyrfalcon, Falco deiroleucus
 At an unidentified location "in Mackinac County" (P:18).   "Visible on Green Island from Pt. (sic) LaBarbe Road [20 Jan. 2005]. (Wh)   See photo [Photo Album]


 o


 



Peregrine Falcon, Falco peregrinus Endangered   "On Mackinac Island, in 1939, ...a nest, with the adults and 1 or more juveniles near by, on July 19" (Wd:127).  BR given is based on this report.  "an adult ... at Pt. (sic) LaBarbe on the 30th [November 2005]. (UP: December 6, 2005)   In addition, is seems noteworthy that a nest with eggs is currently (May, 2010) on the southern pier, albeit not in Mackinac Co., of the "Big Mac" bridge (p.c., Joe Visnaw). See photo [Photo Album];  the photographed bird, in "Wish List" group, is banded.
  !


 u
 u
CL


GRUIFORMES

        RALLIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su
S/F
Hbt
   Key:
? Yellow Rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis Threatened   Although I have been told this species has been heard in the swamp area east of Hessel, I have found no record of its being observed within the county.  It is recorded for adjacent Chippewa and Schoolcraft counties. 




o? 


CM
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional
Virginia Rail, Rallus limicola 
***   One with downy young on marshy shore of mill-pond of Hessel 3 August 1919 (VT3).  Also, it is reported "as breeding at Nimmons Bay [-- no so-named bay within area -- perhaps Mismer Bay?  --], near Hessel (2 nests with eggs found June 22, 1934, by F.C. Gillett)." (Wd:150)           
So, a !   seems to be correct BR indicator     >
See photo [Photo Album].


  ±

 <


  u
 u
CM

Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible
Sora, Porzana carolina
"Common summer resident in marshes [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh) Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj)..    

  #


 fR
  f
CM

$American Coot, Fulica americana Habitat: Also in bays along north shore of Lake Huron. 
See photo [Photo Album].
  ±


 fR
  f
 BL

        GRUIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis   See photos [Photo Album]. "Avian history reveals that cranes are ancient birds. The Sandhill Crane we see today was present some 9 million years ago, and its ancestors date back 40 to 60 million years."  (G:96)

  ! 


 fR
 c

UO


CHARADRIIFORME
 
      CHARADRIIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Black-bellied Plover, Pluvialis squatarola Noted as in eastern Mackinac County from August 18 through October in 1929  [to me, this report is a bit garbled.] (Wd:168). Also, near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj), and three west of Hessel, late May, 2011.   See photos [Photo Album]. 






 o
WB

$American Golden-Plover, Pluvialis dominica Recorded as one of the Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands (W5).   See photo [Photo Album].






 o
WB

Piping Plover, Charadrius melodus Endangered    "Between 2002 and 2006, [the Pointe Aux Chenes beachfront] supported between 3 and 8 pairs [of these plovers]." (NA)  alsoduring Summer of  2009 (St/Sj). See photos [Photo Album].
  #


uR


WB

Semipalmated Plover, Charadrius semipalmatus
 Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).




  f
 o
WB

$Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus
See photos [Photo Album].
  !



cR
 c
UO

    RECURVIROSTRIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 

S/F
Hbt

? [Black-necked Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus]
 Casual (MA).   Pair said to have been killed and mounted [in late 1800s] from "the shore near St. Ignace." oral report to Barrows (1912, p. 170).  N.A.Wood (1951) "excluded [this species] from [his Michigan checklist] ... for lack of positive evidence" BUT includes it on his "Hypothetical List."   It is NOT on the "Field Checklist of Birds of Michigan's Upper Peninsula" that is dated 15 January ,,, 






o? 


   Key:
 R-resident
 c - common
 f - frequent
 u-uncommon
 o - occasional
American Avocet, Recurvirostra americana
 In "bridge view" area west of the U.P. end of the Mackinac Bridge, 31 May 2003 (Bo). Note that pre 1951 observations of this bird within Michigan were  "excluded from [his Michigan checklist] ... for lack of positive evidence."  BUT it is included on his "Hypothetical List" (Wd) and is on the Audoubon Checklist for Michigan (NA). In addition to these inconsistent   "observations" and conclusions (albeit some are tentative), a specimen, number 214980, from "Mackinac Island, on 20 September 1968" is recorded  (P:21).






 o 





Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible

    SCOLOPACIDAE                                                                                                                                                                                 


                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 

S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND
$Greater Yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca
"Several flocks" observed in Les Cheneaux Islands area, August 1918    (VT4).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj). Small flocks in ponded water on fields in Allenville area, late April  and early May, 2010 & 2013 ..   
See photos [Photo Album].






 f


      
Willet,  Tringa semipalmata On Mackinac Island (Wh).






 o



$Lesser Yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes    Flocks seen during August 1918 and 1920 in Les Cheneaux Islands area (VT4).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).  Same area, with greater yellowlegs during fall migration, 2012   Flock of more than 40 east of Allenville, 2 May 2013 . See photo [Photo Album].




 o
  f



   Key:
$Solitary Sandpiper, Tringa solitaria   On Mackinac Island (Wh);  "observed on ... [the] Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP).  Three at Clark Twp. waterwaste disposal ponds 9 May 2012. See photos [Photo Album].




 u
  f


c - common
f - frequent     
$Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularius   "Very common summer resident [on Mackinac Island, where it] feeds on stone spiders." (Wh) Two at Clark Twp. waterwaste disposal ponds 9 May 2012.   See photos [Photo Album].
  ! 


 fR
  f
LK
u - uncommon
o - occasional
Upland Sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda
 Formerly widely called "upland plover."        

  #


uR
 o
UO

$Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus 
Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj);  along shore in St. Ignace, 20 April 2012 -- seen by Matt Hunt (p.c., Vern Hunt, 24 Apr. 2012);  in bay  beside Boulevard Dr. -- 3, 4, & 5 Oct. 2012.  See photos [Photo Album].




 u
 o
WB
 
Marbled Godwit,  Limosa fedoa
Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).




 u


WB
 
Ruddy Turnstone, Arenaria interpres Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj). 




 o


WB
    
Red Knot, Calidris canutus "I saw two pinkish-breasted individuals on the shore of the small pond at Green Island [25 June 1954]." (Pe)  Six tentatively identified on shore near Boulevard Drive 19 September 2012.





 o


WB

Sanderling, Calidris alba Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).




 o
o?


  
Semipalmated Sandpiper, Calidris pusilla Specimen collected on Mackinac Island 4 September 1889 (Wh). Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).    






 o


   
Least Sandpiper, Calidris minutilla   ***    "Rather rare migrant on Round Island" (Wh).  Recorded near  Hessel in September 1918 (VT4).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).






 o



Breeding record:
Baird's Sandpiper, Calidris bairdii "The highest number claimed is 60 on 29 May 1958..." (G:110)    







  f


!  - definite
Pectoral Sandpiper, Calidris melanotos Seen rather frequently during August of 1919 and 1920 in Les Cheneaux Islands area (VT3). 




  f
 u


#  - probable
±  - possible
Dunlin, Calidris alpina 
"I watched one individual, with grayish back and small, dark splotches on the underparts ... at Green Island [25 June 1954]." (Pe)  Also, near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).  One was seen on Mackinac Island on December 16, 2011 (PJ).  See photo [Photo Album].






o

WB
 
? Stilt Sandpiper, Calidris himantopus
I have only a hearsay  record of this species' being observed within the county.  Specimens have been collected near Cheboygan (Wd:196-197&Pe:56-57)          






o?



? Buff-breasted Sandpiper, Tryngites subruficollis  per county list on eBird (www.ebird.org):  "Buff-breasted Sandpiper -- http://ebird.org/ebird/view/checklist?subID=S9139721 -- I asked for details"  (p.c., Marshall Iliff, eBird Project Leader, 12 April 2012).  Request for elaboration received no responses.












$Short-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009;  the Short-billed designation is questioned. (St/Sj). At Clarke Twp. waterwaste disposal ponds 9 May 2012.  See photo [Photo Album].




 o
 o



? Long-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus See above entry, 2nd comment and photographs. --  Possibly  one or more of those shown is/are long-billed species.







 o



$Wilson's Snipe, Gallinago delicata   
"Rare migrant. I flushed one in a meadow [on Mackinac Island] September 17, 1889." (Wh)  Also, Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj), and east of Allenville late April l2013.  See photos [Photo Album].
  #


 fR
  f
 LS

American Woodcock, Scolopax minor "Often flushed from the middle of shaded roads towards evening [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)  See photos [Photo Album].
  ! 


 fR
  f

UO


        LARIDAE

                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND
? [Black-legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla] "'Rare accidental Visitor' (Gibbs' Birds of Michigan); 'rare at Mackinac Island' (S.E. White)" (Co:219-220).  "Frequent in winter on Lake Huron, common around Straits of Mackinac" (A2).  Though N.A. Wood (1951) "excluded [this species] from [his Michigan checklist] ... for lack of positive evidence," he includes it on his "Hypothetical List."





 o?


 

 o?



$Bonaparte's Gull, Larus philadelphia 
"Dr. M.Gibbs is reported to have seen a flock on Mackinac Island."  (Co:221)  Christofferson saw one, June 3, 1936 at Gould City (Wd:212).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  Five offshore from the Old State Ferry dock, St. Ignace, 30 April 2013; two in Mismer Bay west of Hessel, 1 May 2013. See photo [Photo Album].




 o
 o


     
? Franklin's Gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan per county list on eBird (www.ebird.org):  "Franklin's Gull takes me here: http://ebird.org/ebird/view/checklist?subID=S6574292. When I check the review status, I see it has not been reviewed, so I have asked the observer for more details."  (p.c., Marshall Iliff, eBird Project Leader, 12 April 2012)   Request for elaboration received no responses.












$Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis   Green Island (Lake Michigan) is recorded as the "home to ... many nesting  ... Ring-billed Gulls."  [and]  Little Hog Island "supports Michigan's 5th largest Ring-billed Gull breeding colongy."  (NA)    
See photos [Photo Album].
  !

oR
cR
 c
BL



  Key:
$Herring Gull, Larus argentatus 
Michigan's DNR "has confirmed Type E Botulism in the herring gull ... (Mackinac County)." (SG)   Green Island (Lake Michigan) is recorded as the "home to ... many nesting Herring ... Gulls." (NA)
See also note re hybridization with Greater Black-backed Gull in remarks re that species.   See photo [Photo Album].
  !

uR
 fR
 c
GL
R-resident
c - common 
f - frequent
u- uncommon
o -occasional    
Iceland Gull, Larus glaucoides
 "Observed in winter in Straits of Mackinac (Pettingill, 1974 [not seen])." (P:28)    Apparently the date was 8 Feb.[1974?] and the observer was  Michael Kielb.


 o







$Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus
 Three seen 4 March 1945 near St. Ignace by G.A. Ammann (Z&VT:24).  One on shore side of State St., near junction with East Elliott Ave. 31 Dec. 2011.   See photos [Photo Album].


 
 o




GL

$Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus



 		"Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   BR indication for this bird is based on Granlund et al. (1995, p.126).  One of these is recorded as "in the [Herring] gull colony at Pt. Labarbe. [and] This is a known area for Great Black-backs for nesting, including hybridizing with Herring Gulls." (UP: March 27, 2009)
Small flock off shore (ice!) 7 March 2013  See photo [Photo Album].
  #


 o
 o




Breeding record:
! - definite
# - probable
 ± - possible
$Caspian Tern, Sterna caspia
Threatened    "I repeatedly took this tern, and should call it common [at Mackinac Island]." (Wh)   See photos [Photo Album].
  #


uR


GL

$Black Tern, Chlidonias niger Special Concern   Not uncommon near Cedarville and Hill Island.  
See photos [Photo Album]. 
   !


 fR
 u  

GL

$Common Tern, Sterna hirundo Threatened     Epoufette Island shoal is recorded as the "Home to a moderately large colony of nesting Common terns."   The Sand Products "man-made breakwall extending into Lake Michigan at Brevoort (sic) [is recorded as the] Home to a large ...nesting colony." [and]  The "rock- covered dock [at the St. Ignace Coast Guard Station has a] nesting colony. (NA) See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 fR


GL
 
    
$Forster's Tern, Sterna forsteri Not uncommon in Les Cheneaux Island area during the Summer.

  !


 fR


GL

? Royal Tern, Sterna maxima 
"I examined several specimens.  Rather more rare than S. tshegrava [=Caspian Tern]." (Wh)    But, N.A. Wood (1951) "excluded [this species] from [his Michigan checklist] ... for lack of positive evidence."  And, it is not on the Audoubon Checklist for Michigan birds (NA).












       STERCORARIIDAE


                              Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
Parasitic Jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus "Adult observed perched on rock off LaFayette Point [Bois Blanc Island], June 20, 1942 by O.M. Root and T. Nelson." (Z&VT:23)




 o






COLUMBIFORMES

        COLUMBIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

   
$Rock Pigeon, Columba livia Three "flocks"  that seem noteworthy as of  2009-2010: 1.the ones around the "Big Mac" bridge;  2.a flock, most of the pigeons of which are white, just west of Garnet;  [and]  3.a small flock with diverse patterns on their backs and wings, along Duke's Road west of Moran. -- See photos [Photo Album].
  ±
uR
cR
cR


Sev-
eral

? White-winged Dove, Zenaida asiaica Casual (MA).  One appeared at the feeders of Barb & Jeff Brockway at Milakokia Lake 7 September 2008 (UP: September 11, 2008).






 


    
$Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura  See photo [Photo Album].
  #
uR
cR
cR

UO
 
Passenger Pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius
     (extinct, no records this century)
Mackinac Island observations:  "A large flock was seen ...August 30, 1889 ... About a hundred were observed Sept. 10 and on Sept. 12 ... None were observed in 1890 or 1891." (Wh)   The last confirmed record of this bird in Michigan was 1896 (G:149) / 1898 (NA).
 








     

      COCCYZINAE

                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
$Black-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus
"One specimen taken July 13, 1889.  Not uncommon summer resident in 1890 and 1891 [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)   A nest with 2 young near Hessel,...on June 23, 1919 (VT3).  See photos [Photo Album].
  ! 


 fR
 u
MH

 

Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus Observed on Mackinac Island 6 July 1889 (Wh).  See photo [Photo Album].    
  #


uR
 u
AS
 


STRIGIFORMES

      STRIGIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND 
Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus Specimen (UMMZ)  from St. Ignace, dated 1 March 1919 (Wd:233).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   See photo [Photo Album].
  !

uR
uR


MF
 
$Snowy Owl, Bubo scandiacus One was recorded in the county on July 4, 1987 (G:145). One was on the "Big Mac" bridge (Mackinac County side) on 20 November 2012.
 See photos [Photo Album].


  o
 o
 o
 IH

  Key: 
$+Northern Hawk Owl, Surnia ulula Two specimens of the Agricultural College [now MSU] noted as "taken in Mackinac county, near Trout Lake, ... one November 5, and the other November 10, 1896." (Ba:334)   One specimen (UMMZ) from Marquette Island, dated 17 November 1910 (Wd:235).  See photos [Photo Album]; one of the photos is in the "Wish List" group.


 o 




CF
R-resident 
c - common   
f - frequent  
u -uncommon
o -occasional
$Barred Owl, Strix varia
"Observed on Mackinac Island ... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  For three more recent, recorded observations, See photos [Photo Album].
  !
uR
uR
 

MF

$Great Gray Owl,  Strix nebulosa "A specimen in the Agricultural College [now MSU] collection, taken at St. Ignace ... in January, 1894" (Ba:310).  Four others were collected:  1.Milakokia Lake - 27 October 1946 [preserved by H. Moilanen];  2. a female at county line near Rudyard - 18 November 1950;  3.one near Gould City - 25 Feb.1951 (Z&VT:29);  4."GRPM 29211 from [an undesignated locality,] Mackinac County on 9 May 1967" (P:33).  Two later recorded occurrences: "1 on 16 June [1982] near Trout Lake, Mackinac Co." (P0:156)  [and] one "present all summer on Bois Blanc Island ...." (P2:108)   And, among others recorded in newspapers etc.is one that four of us observed for several minutes on the north side of Rte.134 about two miles east of  Thruway 75, 7 Apr.1992.   See photo [Photo Album]; the photographed bird is in the "Wish List" group.
  #
 o


 o
CF





Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  -probable
±  -possible
Long-eared Owl, Asio otus Threatened   "An individual was captured on a freighter on northern
Lake Huron on July 30, 1921 (banded by Christofferson the following day)." (Wd:237)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)




 
 o
 
MF

      
Short-eared Owl, Asio flammeus Endangered  "near Lovegrove Road and M-234 on the 8th [November 2005]." (UP: November 9, 2005)   "along M-123 east of Moran on April 17th [2008]  (UP: April 24, 2008)    See photo [Photo Album].
  ±
 o
 u
 u
MH

 
Boreal Owl, Aegolius funereus
A "Boreal Owl (Richardson's Owl). Aegolius funereus richardsoni ...", now a UMMZ specimen, was collected by Mrs. H. Van Farowe at Carp Lake, 4 Feb.1958 (Z&VT:30).  One is also said to have been on Mackinac Island during the winter of 2004-2005. One along
Boulevard Dr., 20 Feb.2012.  See photos [Photo Album].


 o







Northern Saw-whet Owl, Aegolius acadicus Observed on Mackinac Island (Wh).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   Five were "tagged" (banded?) by E. Pike at St.Ignace on 8 October 2010  (Booker) See photo [Photo Album].


 o


  f
SC
      


CAPRIMULGIFORMES

        CAPRIMULGIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor "Rare summer resident but common migrant at Mackinac Island, where it becomes common in August." (Wh)  See photo (not taken within county) [Photo Album].   
  #


uR
  f
 IH

Whip-poor-will, Caprimulgus vociferus "Reported...from Mackinac Island" (Co:279).   Said to be  "singing" almost every night during recent summers, BUT not in 2012(!), within the area generally north of the intersecion of Worth and School House roads (Mary Ann First, p.c., 2012).
  #


 u


MF


APODIFORMES

        APODIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
Chimney Swift, Chaetura pelagica "Common summer resident.  Last  seen aug. 29-Sept.2." (Wh)

  #


 fR


UR

        TROCHILIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Archilochus colubris    See photos [Photo Album].      
  !


cR
  f
 IH

? Rufous Hummingbird, Selasphorus rufus
 "Spotted on Mackinac Island ... earlier this summer [2010]"  BUT, no name of spotter, date for the sighting or photograph is given. (Nn)





  o







CORACIIFORMES

        ALCEDINIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 LEGEND
$Belted Kingfisher, Ceryle alcyon 
Habitat: also along streams and near-shore areas of Great Lakes.
See photos [Photo Album].   

  !
 
cR
  f
WL


PICIFORMES

         PICIDAE  


                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  Key:
$Red-headed Woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus   "I shot two immature birds Sept. 11 and 14 [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).  J. Van Tyne (1923: 23) saw several full-grown young (near Hessel) on August 6, 1920, and Christofferson saw 8 adults (near Gould City) on June 3, 1936 (Wd:257). "in gould City on the 9th [October, 2005].  (UP: October 12, 2005)  One observed by John Watts along US-2, west of St. Ignace 6 July 2006 (UP: July 12, 2006).  One adult near intersection of Wartella and Brevort Lake roads - 14 May 2012. See photos [Photo Album]. 
  #


 o
 o
MH
R-resident
c - common 
f - frequent
u -uncommon
o -occasional   
$Red-bellied Woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus 
One at feeder on north side of Worth Rd., ~ .2 mi east of School House Rd., Brevort - 4 January 2012.. See photos [Photo Album].  
  ± 

  o
 u
 u


 
$Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius   "St. Ignace, June 20 [1932]"  (Wi:179). See photos [Photo Album].

  !
oR
uR
oR
MH
      
$Downy Woodpecker, Picoides pubescens   See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
cR
cR
MF

 
$Hairy Woodpecker, Picoides villosus    See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
cR
cR
MF

$+Black-backed Woodpecker, Picoides arcticus
 Special Concern   Recorded as "Arctic three toed woodpecker" and noted as "most abundant of the woodpeckers" among the Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands (W5).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   "Kevin Walsh reported a BLACK-BACKED WOODPECKER along US-2 in between M-117 and Gould City on the 26th [November, 2006].  (UP: December 3, 2006)  See photo [Photo Album].



  o

 o



SC



Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  -probable
±  -possible
$Northern Flicker, Colaptes auratus   See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 

 fR
  c
UO

$Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus 
See photos [Photo Album].   Formerly called "log-cock." 

  !
uR
uR
uR
MH


PASSERIFORMES

        TYRANNIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
Olive-sided Flycatcher, Contopus cooperi Specimen taken -- Mackinac Island, August 15, 1890 (Wh). "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)     
  ±


uR
  f
SC


: 
$Eastern Wood-pewee, Contopus virens   "St. Ignace, June 20 [1932]"  (Wi:183)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  See photos [Photo Album]. 

  ! 


 fR
  f
MH
    
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris "Rare migrant; [specimens] taken Aug. 14 and 30, 1890 [on Mackinac island]." (Wh)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)     
  #


uR
  f
WL
 
Acadian Flycatcher, Empidonax virescens 
Although N.A.Wood (1951, p.272) notes that "There is no verified specimen from north of Saginaw County, though various workers have listed sight records from the north.", among the sight records he mentions is one by himself in Cheboygan County and one by S.E. White on Mackinac Island in 1893. But then, he adds (ibid.) that "White reported that he collected 'many specimens' on Mackinac Island, but these were not examined by a qualified ornithologist."  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)








AS
  Key:
R-resident
c - common 
f - frequent
u -uncommon
o -occasional 
 


$Alder Flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum ***  This  species is listed as "Accidental" on the "Field Checklist of Birds of Michigan's Upper Peninsula" dated 15 Jan.  2010 (Hi).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)
  !


 fR


WL
Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  -probable
±  -possible
 
$Willow Flycatcher, Empidonax traillii
 "At Engadine in Mackinac County (UMMZ)" (P:36). "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)




  o


AS

Least Flycatcher, Empidonax minimus        

  !


uR


MF

$Eastern Phoebe, Sayornis phoebe   See photos [Photo Album].      
  !


cR
 c
MH
 
? [Vermillion Flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus]
 Accidental (MA).  Indicated as a hypothetical sighting;  recorded as follows:  "One sight record: Mackinac Island, October 8, 1944, adult observed and described in detail by Walter P. Hill (letter, October 10, 1944, in UMMZ)."  (Z&VT:35).






 o?



Ash-throated Flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens Accidental (MA).  Near Naubinway on 22 October 2005 "Seen in migration along US-2. It was photographed, but not relocated." (Mrb:27 October 2005)






  



Great Crested Flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus           

  !


 fR
  f
MH

$Eastern Kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus See photo [Photo Album].      
  !


cR
  f
UO

        LANIIDAE

BR
Wi 
Su 
S/F
Hbt
 LEGEND
$Northern Shrike, Lanius excubitor One seen at Gros Cap early November, 2009;  one along Boulevard Dr.- 18 Oct. 2011.  See photos [Photo Album].



 o


 o
 IH

Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius ludovicianus
    (extirpated !? )		 Endangered    Casual (MA).  White (1905) recorded "migrant shrike, Lanius ludovicianus migrans [and noted] several observed" among the Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands area.  One also was recorded at "St. Ignace, June 20." (Wi:189)












        VIREONIDAE


                                Notes/References
Each of the vireos is recorded as having been ""Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt



    Key:
Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons   One specimen taken on Mackinac Island, 1891 (Wh).        
  ± 


uR


UO
R-resident 
Blue-headed Vireo, Vireo solitarius ***   Formerly "solitary vireo," a designation still frequently applied.  A specimen taken by T.G. White, August 1891 (Wh).     
  #


uR
  f
MH
c - common
f - frequent
Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus  Often heard but seldom seen.       

  ! 


uR


MH
u - uncommon
Philadelphia Vireo, Vireo philadelphicus  Three specimens taken on Mackinac Island (Wh).       







  f
MH
o -occasional
$Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus 
***   "Abundant summer resident in maple woods and bushes [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj). Several just east of Hessel in 2009.    See photo [Photo Album].
  ! 


 fR
  f
MH
 

        CORVIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

   
$Blue Jay, Cyanocitta cristata   See photos [Photo Album].
  !
oR
cR
  f
 IH

$Gray Jay, Perisoreus canadensis
 Formerly "Canadian (or Canada) jay," name(s) still frequently used.   Noted -"a rather common and conspicuous species found mainly along the Indian trails and deer runs" in Les Cheneaux Islands area (W5).  "In Somersby Swamp [8 November 2005]." (UP: November 9, 2005)   "GRAY JAYS were reported along M-123 north of Moran on the 4th [November, 2006]. (UP: November 9, 2006)
  #
  u



  u
SC
Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  - probable
±  - possible
$American Crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos    See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
cR
cR
 IH

 
$Common Raven, Corvus corax See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
cR
cR
 IH

        ALAUDIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 LEGEND
$Horned Lark, Eremophila alpestris  
"The Indians shoot numbers of them for food under the name of 'Yellowthroat.'" (Wh)   Most of the horned larks that are present in the late Fall and early Winter are likely migrants from the north. 
See photos [Photo Album].
 

 o

cR
 c
UO

        HIRUNDINIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
   Key:
Purple Martin, Progne subis        

  !


uR
 u
UR
R-resident 
$Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor  
"A single, early-bird tree swallow was near east shore of Brevort Lake -- i.e., along H57 --  13 April '12(the "uncommon  year").. See photos [Photo Album].       
  !


cR
  f
UO
c - common
f - frequent 
u - uncommon
$Northern Rough-winged Swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis          

  !


 fR
  f
 R
o -occasional
Bank Swallow, Riparia riparia "St. Ignace, June 20 [1932]"  (Wi:183)     
  !


 fR
 u
gvl
pits

$Cliff Swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota    See photo [Photo Album].    
  !


uR
 u
bldgs
  
$Barn Swallow, Hirundo rustica
See photo [Photo Album].
  !


cR
  f
UO

         PARIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Black-capped Chickadee, Poecile atricapillus   See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
cR
cR
IH

$+Boreal Chickadee, Poecile hudsonica Formerly called "Hudson's Bay ... " or "Hudsonian chickadee" and currnetly widely referred to as "brown-capped chickadee"   --  Described as "Found abundantly in the Upper Peninsula and around Mackinac" (A1), and as the "most abundant winter bird and very tame, in fact more so than atripcapillus" for a location in Les Cheneaux Islands after a heavy snowfall in late November of 1906 (W7). --  On the basis of more recent observations, it seems that this bird's distribution has undergone a marked change within the last century or so.  This seems to be true, despite the fact that it has been  “recorded in summer in Mackinac [among other U.P. counties]." (Z&VT:37) 


 u




SC



Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  - probable
±  - possible
Tufted Titmouse, Baeolophus bicolor "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)











         SITTIDAE  


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Red-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta canadensis    See photos [Photo Album].
  !
cR
uR
uR
PF

$White-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis   See photos [Photo Album].
  #
 R
 R
 R
MH

         CERTHIIDAE


                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Brown Creeper, Certhia americana *** See photos [Photo Album].
  #
uR
uR
 uR
MF

        TROGLODYTIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$House Wren, Troglodytes aedon
See photos [Photo Album].        
  !


 fR
  f
MH

Winter Wren, Troglodytes troglodytes 
***  "Very common summer resident [Mackinac Island]" (Wh).
  #
 
 fR
 u
SC

$+Sedge Wren, Cistothorus platensis           

  ±


uR


SM

Marsh Wren, Cistothorus palustris   Special Concern    A specimen (UMMZ) was taken near Hessel, Mackinac County, by A. D. Tinker on September 4, 1930 (Wd:324).
  !


uR
 u
CM
   

        REGULIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$+Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa
***  "Common summer resident [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).
  #
 u
 fR
  f
MF

$+Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Regulus calendula   ***   "I found a nest [on Mackinac Island] with four nearly fledged young July 20, 1889." (Wh)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   Note discrepancy: This record vs. BR entry, >
  #


uR
 u
MF

        SYLVIIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$+Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea "Shot one and saw another in mixed woods [on Mackinac Island] Sept. 22, 1889." (Wh)  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   See photo [Photo Album].
  ±


 u
 u
MH

        TURDIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
LEGEND
Northern Wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe
 Accidental [vagrant] (MA)  One at St. Ignace 19 September 1980(We).






 o



$Eastern Bluebird, Sialia sialis   Two or three of them were present in St. Ignace in early February, 2012. See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
 fR
  f
UO
      
Mountain Bluebird,  Sialia currucoides
 Female recorded  -- found and photographed by Steve Baker -- as near Pickford 17 November 2010 by Baker  (Haas [County name misspelled as Mackinaw.]).See photo [Photo Album].






 o



Townsend's Solitaire, Myadestes townsendi Not recorded, or included in total given in Introduction;  included here because it would seem to be a likely vagrant and has been spotted, albeit not often, in the general area..












Veery, Catharus fuscescens "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)     
  !


 fR
 o
MF

    Key:
$Gray-cheeked Thrush, Catharus minimus ***  "One specimen August 23, 1891 [from Mackinac Island]" (Wh). "One between Cedarville and Hessel ... on 14 June 1977" (P:43). 





 u
 u
CF
R-resident
c - common
$Swainson's Thrush, Catharus ustulatus ***  Formerly "olive-backed thrush," a designation that is still used rather widely.  White(1893) records some interesting observations about its song.  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)   One dead from collision with window of St. Ignace Methodist Church - 29 May 2011.
  #


 u
 u
SC
f - frequent 
u - uncommon
o -occasional
$Hermit Thrush, Catharus guttatus ***   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
 fR
  f
SC
Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  -probable
±  - possible
Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina ***   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)    
  #


 fR
 u
MH

$American Robin, Turdus migratorius  Early migrants usually arrive in mid-March. See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
cR
 c
 IH

Varied Thrush, Ixoreus naevius Not recorded, or included in total given in Introduction; f included here because it would seem to be a likely vagrant and has been spotted, albeit not often, in the general area..











        MIMIDAE      


                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Gray Catbird, Dumetella carolinensis


  !


 fR
  f
UO

$Northern Mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos 
"Walter P. Hill observed 1 on Mackinac Island between May 6 and 8, 1925." (Wd:325)   Pettingill and an ornithology class observed one in Brevort on on July 11, 1957. (Pe)   More recent sightings include the following that have been "published":   In "bridge view" area west of the U.P. end of the Mackinac Bridge, 31 May 2003. (Bo);  "singing ... in Nabinway (sic) on June 2nd [2006]. (UP: June 6, 2006);   "Late May just west of Cut River." (UP: June 10, 2008);  6 May 2013 (this web site -- See photo [Photo Album]).
  #




 o



$Brown Thrasher, Toxostoma rufum 
"A few ... near the town and in the hedge-rows [on a farm on Mackinac Island" (Wh).  See photos [Photo Album].
  #


 fR
  f
UO
 

        STURNIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris 
See photo [Photo Album].
  !
uR
cR
cR
 IH

        MOTACILLIDAE


                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$American Pipit, Anthus rubescens   ***  Flocks of 15 to more than 50 individuals are relatively common during spring and fall migration periods -- e.g., during the last few days of September, 2012, several hundred pipits were seen in such flocks in diverse environments within the county. Examples include the following:  The beach area on Lake Michigan east of  Brevort;  the forest along Hog Island Rd., north of Rte. 2; in meadows and pastures along Krause Rd., Garfield Twp.;  on lawns in suburban areas along Pte. LaBarbe and Gros Cap roads, northeast of St. Ignace;  [and]  in parking areas within St. Ignace.   See photos [Photo Album].






  c



        BOMBYCILLIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Bohemian Waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus 
Among several records:  Rather common during winters of 2008-2009 & 2009-2010.  A flock of more than 100 was in trees and on ground on Gros Cap Rd. 3 November 2012;  a flock of more than 200 was in trees and on ground along Boulevard Dr. 6 November 2012.  See photos [Photo Album].


 u


 u
 IH

$Cedar Waxwing, Bombycilla cedrorum   Small, typically <20, flocks appear to be wandering here and there in the county throughout the year.  Apparently mating pairs occur sporadically -- e.g., along the Boulevard. See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 R
 R
 R
 IH

        PARULIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
  LEGEND


                         GENERAL NOTE: > > >>
The warblers names followed by three asterisks (***) in this column are  among the birds recorded by Barrows (1912) as killed at Spectacle Reef Lighthouse, which is in Lake Huron, east of Bois Blanc Island and south of eastern Mackinac County -- see Introduction.   All but the Blue-winged Warbler is reported to have been "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)











Blue-winged Warbler, Vermivora pinus One recorded on Mackinac Island, July 1, 1889 (Wh).




 o
 o


  Key:
Golden-winged Warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera   O.S. Pettingill, Jr., collected a specimen near Garnet, on August 30, 1943 (Wd:373).
  #


uR
 u
MH
R-resident
c - common
$+Tennessee Warbler, Vermivora peregrina   ***  "Common migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).        
  ±


uR
  f
MF
f - frequent
$Orange-crowned Warbler, Vermivora celata
 included on "Check list of the Birds of Mackinac Island.     See photo [Photo Album].










u - uncommon
Nashville Warbler, Vermivora ruficapilla  
***   "Rare summer resident and common migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).   
  ! 


uR

  f
MF
o -occasional
Northern Parula, Parula americana ***   "Abundant migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).           
  ! 


uR
 u
MF
 
$Yellow Warbler, Dendroica petechia  
***   "Our most common resident warbler" (Co:318). 
See photos [Photo Album].   
  !


cR
  f
MF
 
Chestnut-sided Warbler, Dendroica pensylvanica ***   "Rare summer resident and common migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).     
  !


uR
  f
MF
 
Magnolia Warbler, Dendroica magnolia ***   "Found abundantly ... I detected seven distinct songs [each of which he describes] of this species, no one of which is even a variation of the other." (Wh)       
  !


 fR
 u
SC

Cape May Warbler, Dendroica tigrina 
***  "Not uncommon migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).  Observed singing "along the Hiawatha Trail a mile east of the intersection with US-2" 6 July 2006. (UP: July 12, 2006) 
  ±


uR
 o
SC

$Black-throated Blue Warbler, Dendroica caerulescens ***   "In summer it inhabits the maple woods, but in migration it frequents the evergreens [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)  One at Gros Cap 23 September 2012.          
  #


uR
 u



$Yellow-rumped Warbler, Dendroica coronata ***    Recorded as "Myrtle warbler" in many reports.   "In 1889, one female was shot July 13 [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh).  
See photos [Photo Album].
  !


cR
  f
MF

$Black-throated green Warbler, Dendroica virens ***  "'breeds ...abundantly at Mackinac Island' (S.E. White)" -- apparently a personal communication (Co:322)   See photo [Photo Album].    
  !


 fR
  f
MF

$+Blackburnian Warbler, Dendroica fusca ***   "In 1890 and 1891 it was a rather common summer resident among the evergreens [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)          
  !


 fR
 c
MF

Breeding record:
Pine Warbler, Dendroica pinus   Apparently irregular summer resident and migrant in 1889 and 1890 on Mackinac Island (Wh). 
  !


uR
 u
PF
!  - definite
#  - probable
Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor Endangered   ***  "Common migrant ... I took many specimens [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh) 






 o


± -  possible
? Kirtland's Warbler, Dendroica kirtlandii ***  See pertinent statements in Introduction. 











$Palm Warbler, Dendroica palmarum "Common migrant; arrives late [at Mackinac Island]." (Wh)
See photo [Photo Album].






  f


 
Bay-breasted Warbler, Dendroica castanea ***   "Rare summer resident and abundant migrant [at Mackinac Island]." (Wh).  "S.E. White writes me that he shot immature specimens at Mackinac island as late as July." (Co:321)    

  ±


uR
 u
SC

Blackpoll Warbler, Dendroica striata "Rare summer resident and abundant migrant [on Mackinac Island]"(Wh).




oR
 u



$Black-and-white Warbler, Mniotilta varia ***    "Not a common summer resident but an abundant migrant [on Mackinac Island]"(Wh).   "at Pt. (sic) LaBarbe on the 23rd [April, 2006]." (UP: April 25, 2006)  
  !


uR
  f
 IH

$American Redstart, Setophaga ruticilla
***    "The most characteristic bird of the island [Mackinac].  It occurs in such amazing abundance that it seems as if every tree contained one of these birds." (Wh)     
  !


 fR
  f
MH

Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla 
***    "Common in the maple woods [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).  Near Pte. Aux Chenes, Summer 2009 (St/Sj).      
  !


 fR
  f
MH

Northern Waterthrush, Seiurus noveboracensis ***   A nest with young ready to leave was found near Hessel, on June 23, 1920 (VT3).      Note discrepancy: This record ( a ! ) vs. BR entry, >
  #


uR
 u
WL

Connecticut Warbler, Oporornis agilis ***    "I took two specimens [on Mackinac Island], ... one Aug. 30, 1889, the other Aug 30, 1890." (Wh)  Female with food in her bill  was observed near Hessel, 19 July 1919, but neither nest nor young were found (VT3).      

  #


uR
 u
SC

Mourning Warbler, Oporornis philadelphia ***   "T.G. White shot several of this species in the latter part of August, 1890." (Wh). 
  !
 o
uR
 u
MF

Common Yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas ***    "Not a common summer resident [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh).    
  !


 fR
  f
WL

Wilson's Warbler, Wilsonia pusilla ***   "very abundant migrant" (Wh).          
  ±


uR
 u
MF
  Key:
Canada Warbler, Wilsonia canadensis
"In 1890 and 1891 a very common summer resident and common migrant [on Mackinac Island] ... The young birds left the nests July 2-8." (Wh) 
      Note the apparent discrepancy indicated by this record (a !) vs. BR entry (i.e., #), which is based on Brewer et al. (1991).

 #
 <


uR
 o
SC
R-resident
c - common 
f - frequent
u -uncommon
o -occasional   

        THRAUPIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

Summer Tanager, Piranga rubra One, a juvenile(?), was at a feeder near the end of East Martin Lake Rd., Moran Twp., in late May/early June, 2011 (H. Krieshe, p.c., 2012).  [See also the Western Tanager record date.]  See photo [Photo Album].   







  o



$Scarlet Tanager, Piranga olivacea
"A female was shot ...Aug. 3, 1889 [on Mackinac Island].  ... A male was observed July 17, 1891." (Wh)  The year of the Scarlet tanager? -- several "more than usual!" during May, 2011.  See photo [Photo Album].     
  #


uR
 o
MH

$Western Tanager, Piranga ludoviciana
 A female was at feeder at N1007 Gros Cap Rd., 23 May 2011.  -- An interesting coincidence, but unlikely(?) connection: The disastrous Joplin (MO) tornado was on 22 May 2011.








 o



        EMBERIZIDAE

                               Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
LEGEND
$Eastern Towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus "One pair was observed [on Mackinac Island] during the summer of 1890, but none were seen the other years."  (Wh)   More recently, "observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  One on ground beneath shrubs at N1007 Gros Cap Rd., Moran Twp. - 4 Jan. 2012.     See photos [Photo Album].
  #
 o
 u
 u
BF



   Key:      
$American Tree Sparrow, Spizella arborea   "Rare in eastern portion of Upper Peninsula" (Z&VT:60).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)    See photos [Photo Album].



 u
 u
 u
 IH
R-resident
c - common
f - frequent   
$Chipping Sparrow, Spizella passerina 
See photos [Photo Album].
  !


cR
  f
MF
u - uncommon
$Clay-colored Sparrow, Spizella pallida Two at the tip of Pte. LaBarbe 12 May 2006  (Mrb2:May 18, 2006);   two, Gros Cap 6 Sep. 2012. See photos [Photo Album].
  ± 


uR
 u
BO
o -occasional
 
$Field Sparrow, Spizella pusilla
***  One photographed at Gros Cap, 4 May 2013. See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 fR
  f
UO

Vesper Sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus One recorded at "St. Ignace, June 20 [1932]"  (Wi:196).  "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)
  #


 fR
  f
UO

?Lark Sparrow, Chondestes grammacus
  per county list on eBird (www.ebird.org):  "Lark Sparrow -- http://ebird.org/ebird/view/checklist?subID=S5714335 -- This one has a note from Adam Byrne "accepted by BRC", so I recommend you follow up with the Records Committee for documentation. If it does not meet your standards, please let me know."  (p.c., Marshall Iliff, eBird Project Leader, 12 April 2012). -- Additional request has received no response. . 











$Savannah Sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis
***  See photos [Photo Album].      
  !


 fR
  f
UO
 
Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarumo  per county list on eBird (www.ebird.org):  "Grasshopper Sparrow -- http://ebird.org/ebird/view/checklist?subID=S9139685 -- I asked for details." (p.c., Marshall Iliff, eBird Project Leader, 12 April 2012). -- Requests for elaboration have received no response.       












$LeConte's Sparrow, Ammodramus leconteii "Pullup Lake, Mackinac County," [no date] (P:55).  Two were observed by Gerald Vork at Pte. LaBarbe, 2 October 2009 (UP:October 15, 2009).  Two were south of  County Line Rd, ~ two miles west of Pickford, September, 2012.
  ±


uR
 u
UO

$Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca 
***   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)  "[2-3] Observed "along the Hiawatha Trail a mile east of the intersection with US-2" 6 July 2006. (UP: July 12, 2006)   One at Gros Cap, 13 -17 April 2013. See photo [Photo Album].




uR
 u
BO
Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  - probable
±  - possible
$Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia
***  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 o
cR
 c
 IH

$Lincoln's Sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii ***   One at Gros Cap 2 May 2013. See photos [Photo Album].          
  #


uR
 u
WD

$Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana   ***   One recorded at "St. Ignace, June 20 [1932]"  (Wi:196).  One on Boulevard Dr. 2 July 2012.
  !


uR
 u
WL

$White-throated Sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis   ***  See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 u
 fR
  f
DB

$White-crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys
*** Fairly common migrant with a few historal records as follows:  "Rare migrant [on Mackinac Island]" (Wh). "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP) "2 ... Naubinway [November 30, 2005?].  (UP: December 6, 2005)  See photos [Photo Album].




 o
  f
BO

$Dark-eyed Junco, Junco hyemalis  Single bird, first of fall, at N1007 Gros Cap Rd., 8 Oct. 2012;  typically they come through in small flocks. During late April, 2013, a well above normal number of flocks of juncos were in the area;  at least some of those flocks included a few juncos sometimes referred to as pink-sided and/or Oregon juncos -- see photo in For the Record tabulated group..  See photos [Photo Album]. 

  !
  f
 o
  c
MF

$Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus ***  Reported from Mackinac Island (Co:298). Several with horned larks in a mixed flock on the shoreward side of Boulevard Drive 1 October 2012. See photos [Photo Album].


 u
 u
 u
UO

$Snow Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis ***  White(1905), using the name "snowflake," notes that "always in large flocks" they occur among the Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Island.  A pair in breeding plumage were west of Rte.H57 south of St. Andrew Ln. 2 & 3 April 2013.  See photos [Photo Album].


  f


  f
UO

        CARDINALIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$Northern Cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis  See photos [Photo Album].
 #
 uR
uR
uR
BO

Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus   "A young male was shot July 24, 1890 [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)    See photo [Photo Album]. 

  !


 fR
  f
MH

Blue Grosbeak, Passerina caerulea
 Twelve on feeder on straits side of  Huron St., St. Ignace -- 19 May 1996 (Kathleen Schacht, p.c., 2011).






  o


 
$Indigo Bunting, Passerina cyanea   "In 1889 and 1891 a common summer resident. ... In 1890 only a few were observed [on Mackinac Island]." (Wh)   "Observed on Mackinac Island or in the surrounding waters of the Straits... during the past 15 years." (MSHP)
See photos [Photo Album].     
  !


 fR
  f
MF



Dickcissel, Spiza americana   One seen 30 May 1956 at Engadine (by Mr. & Mrs. E.G. Boyes) and one seen in western part of county 17 June 1958 by K. Christofferson (Z&VT:55).   A female observed feeding young along the Hiawatha Trail a mile east of the intersection with US-2 on 6 July 2006 (UP: July 12, 2006).
Note the apparent discrepancy:  This record ( a ! )  vs. BR entry, > 

 
  # 
 
< 


 o





        ICTERIDAE    


                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
LEGEND 
$Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus  See photos [Photo Album].   
  !


 fR
  f
UO
     
$Red-winged Blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus
 See photos [Photo Album].
  !


cR
  f
WL
  Key:
$Eastern Meadowlark, Sturnella magna
The eastern and western meadowlarks can be distinguished relatively easily by listening to their "songs." See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 fR
  f
UO
R-resident
c - common 
$Western Meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta Special Concern   One observed in Bevort on July 11, 1957 by Pettingill and an ornithology class. (Pe) See photos [Photo Album].




 o


UO
f - frequent
u - uncommon
$Rusty Blackbird, Euphagus carolinus
 Three along Boulvard Dr. 8 Oct. 2012.  See photo [Photo Album].




 u
  f
AS
o -occasional
$Brewer's Blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus       

  !


uR
 u
UO
 
$Common Grackle, Quiscalus quiscula  See photo [Photo Album].
  !


cR
 c
 IH
Breeding record:
$Brown-headed Cowbird, Molothrus ater
See photos [Photo Album].
  !


 fR
  f
 IH
!  - definite
Orchard Oriole, Icterus spurius  
"at ... feeders at Milakokia Lake in Gould City." (UP: May 18, 2008) 

  ±


 o
 o
MH
#  - probable
$Baltimore Oriole, Icterus galbula      

  !


 fR
 u
MH
±  - possible  

        FRINGILLIDAE


                                Notes/References
BR
Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt
 
$+Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch, Leucosticte tephrocotis Accidental (MA).  Not recorded, or included in total given in Introduction; mentioned here because my wife and I saw a small flock 7 March 1988,  along Rte.123 in adjacent Chippewa County, a few miles north of  the county  line.  Also, this  species is listed as "Accidental" on the "Field Checklist of Birds of Michigan's Upper Peninsula" dated 15 Jan. 2010 (Hi).   Therefore, I think this bird should be kept in mind while  "bird-watching" within the county. 


 o?







 




$Pine Grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator Among records are the following:  Two flocks observed in January 2010: about 25 birds in maple tree beside Rte H57, near the southeast part of Lake Brevort on the the 4th;  about 10 in the road, Chas. Moran Rd., about 1.5 miles west of Moran on the 11th.  Several flocks seen near north side of Lake Brevort and along Gros Cap Rd. 6-10 Dec. 2010.  Small flocks were rather common and widespread in late December 2011 and early January 2012 -- e.g., along Cheeseman Rd., ca.1 mi. north of  Rte. 2; north of Worth Rd., ca. 0.1 mi east of School House Rd.; along Prospect St., Saint Ignace.   See photos [Photo Album].


 u


 o
 IH

  
$Purple Finch, Carpodacus purpureus
See photos [Photo Album].
  !
  f
 u
  f
MF

$House Finch, Carpodacus mexicanus   "The house finch population was introduced to the eastern portion of the U.S. when a flock of caged house finches from California (known as "Hollywood Finches") were sold to people on Long Island, New York in the 1940's. When laws changed and it became illegal to sell and own American songbirds, these captive finches were released. Their descendants now occupy most of the eastern U.S." (My) "The first house finch reported nesting in Michigan [was] in 1981." (Brewer et al, 1991)



 
 o


UR
  Key:
R-resident
c - common 
f - frequent
u -uncommon
o -occasional
Red Crossbill, Loxia curvirostra "Common summer resident.  Probably breeds early, as old and young were gathered into large flocks when we reached the island during the last week in June." (Wh)   "Many small flocks observed" in the Les Cheneaux Islands (W5).  Observed "along the Hiawatha Trail a mile east of the intersection with US-2" 6 July 2006. (UP: July 12, 2006)
 <
 o
 o


MF
    
$White-winged Crossbill, Loxia leucoptera
Specimen taken on Mackinac Island 9 July 1890 (Wh).  An especially large irruption occurred during the Winter of 2008-2009. A small flock was in road and in pines beside Worth Rd.,  ~1.5 miles west of Rte.129  14 Jan. 2012. See photos [Photo Album].


 o


o
MF
    
$Common Redpoll, Carduelis flammea 
*** A single bird was at feeders on Gros Cap Rd. 4 Nov. 2012;  this "scout" was followed the following day by a flock of ~ 20 birds, several  of which, resembled those illustrated as "Greenland" (See (Sib), p.532-533) -- notice, for example, their yellowish brown areas and large black throat areas.  See photos [Photo Album]: Two of the possibly "Greenland" individuals are shown as the second pair of photos.    


  c


 f


    
$Hoary Redpoll, Carduelis hornemanni  Several with larger number of common redpolls during winters of 2008-2009 and 2011-2012. See photo [Photo Album];  See especially the right  side photo on the pair noted as possibly "Greenland" individuals, which are shown as the second pair of photos for redpolls in the main archive.



 o







$Pine Siskin, Carduelis pinus   A flock of 50-plus was at the feeders, on the railing of a stoop, and in the  yard of a resident on Boulevard Dr., St.Ignace 2 Jan. 2012 and flocks of 25 or more were common in area around St. Ignace in January, February and March of 2012.. (See photos [Photo Album].
  !
  c
uR
 u
MF
Breeding record:
!  - definite
#  - probable
±  - possible
$American Goldfinch, Carduelis tristis 
See photos [Photo Album].
  !
 u
cR
 c
MF

$Evening Grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus 
A small flock was north of Worth Rd. east of its junction with School House Rd., Brevort the last few days of December 2011 and in early 2012;  a single adult male was at Gros Cap feeders 5 Nov. 2012.  See photos [Photo Album];  photos are in tabulated and "Wish List" groups.
  !
 u
 o
 u




        PASSERIDAE

                               Notes/References
BR

Wi 

Su 
S/F
Hbt

$House Sparrow, Passer domesticus Widely referred to as "English sparrow."
       According to a "Mr. Conklin, of the Central Park [New York City] Museum ...   In 1864, ... the Commissioners of Central Park set free 50 pairs of English sparrows and they had multiplied amazingly." (AAS)     So far as Mackinac County, S.E. White (1893) reports that "Not one was to be found on the island [Mackinac] in 1889 when I first arrived, but within a few weeks about twenty came over with the boat from Mackinaw City.  These have increased and now they are quite common."
  !
  u
 fR
 fR
UR


  [ Photo Album ]

------------

SELECTED REFERENCES 

       The following references are "selected" in that several publications, the data of which are largely overlapping, could be cited along with or instead of those listed.  My choices have been made chiefly on the basis of their being readily available in my library, on the internet, etc.
          Many of the data upon which this checklist is based are recorded in Barrows (1912), Brewer et al. (1991), Granlund et al. (1994), and/or N.A. Wood (1951).  This is mentioned because I was unable to find or, for some other reason, did not check all original records -- i.e., some of the information given on the A.O.U. list of this compilation is based on these secondary sources.  Consequently, anyone who needs original information about any of the listed species should go directly to the original reports for information attributed to these kinds references in this compilation. 
           The letters or combination of one or more letters and/or number enclosed in parentheses -- e.g., (Wd) and (VT3) -- that precede some of the references are the space-saving indicators used within the NOTES column in the A.O.U. list.  Those that refer to publications with a large number of pages include the source page, following a colon (:) -- e.g., (Wd:373).


(AAS)     "American Acclimatization Society."  New York Times,  November 15, 1877. p.2.

(A1)         Archer. 1877.  The Fauna of Michigan (Birds). Forest & Stream VIII:261. (Data included in this article are attributed to G.A. Stockwell in some publications.)       

(A2)        Archer. 1877.  The Fauna of Michigan (Birds). Forest & Stream VIII:380. (Data included in this article are attributed to G.A. Stockwell in some publications.)   

(Au)         Audubon Society of Kalamazoo. 2005.  Michigan Statewide bird report for Thursday, September 29.  Rarebirds.com rare Bird Alert Listing.   http://www.rarebirds.com/listing/516/  (accessed 24 December 2009).

(Ba)         Barrows, W.B., 1912. Michigan bird life: A list of all the bird species known to occur in the the state together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation to agriculture.  Special bulletin of the department of zoology and physiology of the Michigan Agricultural College.  Lansing:Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford Co.(State Printers). 822p.

(B)          Birdingonthe.Net. 2010. "Recent postings from Michigan listers"  http://birdingonthe.net/mailinglists/MCHL.html  (accessed 21 January 2010).

       Booker, Ted. 2010. Researcher tags five owls at St. Ignace.  The St. Ignace News.  131(No.28):1 & 11.

(Bo)        Borneman, Dave. 2003. American avocet and northern mockingbird in U.P., just west of Mackinac Bridge.   http://lists.envirolink.org/pipermail/mich-listers/2003-June/000175.html  (accessed 29 December 2009)

      Brewer, Richard, G.A. McPeek, and R.J. Adams, Jr. 1991. The atlas of breeding birds of Michigan.  East Lansing:Michigan State University Press. 594p.  [Most breeding (BR) designations on A.O.U. list are from this book.]

(Br)         Brodeur, Serge,  Robert Décarie, D.M. Bird and Mark Fuller. 1996. Complete migration cycle of golden eagles breeding in northern Quebec. The Condor  98: 293-299. http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v098n02/p0293-p0299.pdf  (accessed 3 January 2010).

(Ch)        Chamberlain, M.L. 1977. Observations on the Red-necked Grebe nesting in Michigan.  Wilson Bulletin  89:33-46.  http://www.jstor.org/stable/4160867  (accessed 8 January 2010).      

(Ci)         Ciske, Paul.  2004.  Snowy egret - yes - Mackinac County.  http://lists.envirolink.org/pipermail/mich-listers/2004-May/000946.html

(Co)        Cook, A.J.  1894.  Birds of Michigan.  State Agricultural College Bulletins (Thirty-second Annual report of the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture of the State of Michigan from July 1, 1892, to June 30, 1893). No 94 (Zoological Department)  Lansing:Robert Smith & Co., State Printers and Binders.  p.192-357.  Book digitized by Google    http://books.google.com/books? id=sTXiAAAAMAAJ&pg... (accessed 4 January 2010).

(FL)         FLMNH (Florida Museum of Natural History).  n.d.  Birds master database.  www.flmnh.ufl.edu/.../birds... (accessed 12 January 2010)

(G)         Granlund, James, G.A. McPeek, R.J. Adams, P.C. Chu, Jack Reinoehl, Charles Nelson, Richard Shinkel, Michael Kielb, Stephen Allen and Andrea Trautman. 1994. The birds of Michigan. (editor, G.A. McPeek). Bloomington:Indiana University Press. 358p.

(Haas)      Haas, Skye. 2010. Mountain Bluebird- MACKINAW County 11/17. Birdingonthe.Net: Recent Postings from Michigan Listers. (email on web site:                   http://birdingonthe.net/mailinglists/MCHL.html#1290047236 )
 
      Hiawatha National Forest. n.d. Breeding birds of eastern upper Michigan, a field checklist. Brochure (leaflet, no pagination).  [Most habitat (Hbt) designations on the A.O.U list are from this publication.]

(Hi)           Hickman, Scott,  Adam Byrne, Greg Cleary, Zach Gayk, Skye Haas, Joe Kaplan and Caleb Putnam. n.d. [post 15 January 2010 / text]. Field checklist of birds of Michigan's Upper peninsula. (distributed as attachment to an email).

(Ke)          Kelley, A.H. 1965.  Michigan bird survey, spring, 1965.  Jack-Pine Warbler  43:157.

(MSHP)  "Chec[check mark]list of the birds of Mackinac Island."  n.d. [marketed as current, 2010].  Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Mackinac State Historic Parks (Mackinac).  6p.

(M)           Martin, Patricia. 2010.  Nature notes. Town Crier (Mackinac Island), July 10-16, 2010: 21.

       Merriam, C.H. 1885.  Kirtland's Warbler from the Straits of Mackinac. The Auk  2:376. [This note added the *** indications to the Notes for two birds -- the Wood Thrush and the Ovenbird.  It also gives some background information relating to the collection and identification of at least some, perhaps many/most/all, of the birds killed as the result of collisions with Spectacle Reef Lighthouse.]

(MA)          Michigan Audoubon. 2009.  Official checklist of Michigan birds (Updated 8 November 2009).  http://michiganaudubon.org/research/records_committee/michigan_checklist.html  (accessed 23 January 2010). 
          [Pertinent definitions, which are used in the A.O.U list of this compilation are: 
                  "Casual: Species that have been recorded more than three times, but fewer than 30 times, in the last 10 years,
                                and were recorded in fewer than nine of the last 10 years.
                  "Accidental: Species that have been recorded three or fewer times in the last 10 years."]

(MB)        Michiganbirds.org.  2008.  "Bird Species of Concern in Michigan."   http://www.michiganbirds.org/mnfi_birds/  (accessed 27 December 2009).

(Mrb)         Michigan RBA.-- 27 October 2005.  http://lists.envirolink.org/pipermail/mich-listers/2005-October/002326.html  (accessed 4 January 2010).  

(Mrb2)       Michigan (Statewide) RBA -- 18 May 2006.   http://www.virtualbirder.com/vbirder/realbirds/rbas/MIST060518.html  (accessed 14 January 2010).

(My)         "Mycoplasmosis (conjunctivitis in House Finches)."  2002-2009.  http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153-10370_12150_12220-27089--,00.html  (accessed 15 January 2010).

(NA)         National Audubon Society 2010. Important Bird Areas in the U.S.  http://www.audubon.org/bird/iba  (accessed 20 January 2010).
(Nn)           Martin, Patricia. 2010.  Nature notes. Town Crier (Mackinac Island), 51(#11):21 & 23.

(P [followed by a colon and page reference)           Payne, R.B.  1983.  A distributional checklist of the birds of Michigan. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Miscellaneous publication no.164.    http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56408/1/MP164.pdf   (accessed 17 February 2012)

(Pe)           Pettingill, O. S., Jr. 1958. Notes on the birds of the Straits region, Michigan.  Jack-Pine Warbler  36:7-11

(PJ)            Perttunen, Josh.  2011.  Numbers soar for Christmas bird count at Straits.  The St. Ignace News  December 29: 3.

 (P0:156)     Powell, D.J.  1982.  Michigan Bird Survey, Summer 1982.  Jack Pine Warbler  60:153-158.

(P2:56)       Powell, D.J. 1984.  Michigan bird survey, Winter 1983-1984.  Jack-Pine Wabler  62:54-58.

(P2:108)     Powell, D.J.  1984.  Michigan Bird Survey, Summer 1984.  Jack Pine Warbler  62:106-110.

(SM)         Stuit, Martha.  2012. Pelicans sighted at Cedar Campus. The St. Ignace News June 14:26.

(SG)          Sea Grant Michigan. 2007. News Release, Nov. 16, 2007: "Type-E Botulism confirmed in waterfowl deaths. http://www.michigan.gov/documents/emergingdiseases/11-16-07-Botulism_215799_7.pdf   (accessed, 12 January 2010).

(Sib)           Sibley, D.A.  2000.  National Audubon Society:  The Sibley guide to birds.  New York:Alfred A. Knopf . 544p.

(St/Sj)         Stiller-Krehel, Petra and Steve Sjogren. 2009.  2009 piping plover monitoring program on the Hiawatha National Forest, East Unit.  Open file report.  Hiawatha National Forest:Mackinac County office.  23p.  

(T)             Tessen, D.D. 1986. Western Great Lakes Region. American Birds  39:914-916.

(UP: [date noted])         UP Rare Bird Reports for various dates.  http://lists.envirolink.org/pipermail/mich-listers/...html   (accessed intermittently 4 January 2010 to date)   and   http://www.upbirders.org/cutenews/show_news.php....  (accessed 14 January 2010)

(VT3)       Van Tyne, J. 1923. Summer birds of the Les Cheneaux islands. The Wilson Bulletin. 35:21-26.   http://www.jstor.org/stable/4160867   (accessed 8 January 2010).    

(VT4)       Van Tyne, J. 1924. Notes on Michigan Birds.  The Auk. 41:168-169.  [read on   http://www.jstor.org/stable/407418   (accessed 21 December 2009)]

(Wg)       "Wayward snow goose visits St. Ignace Marina."  The St. Ignace News,  November 14, 2002. p.17. 

(We)        Weir, A.S. 1981.  Wheatear sighting at St. Ignace.  Jack Pine Warbler  59:66.

(Whe)       Weeker, Tom. 2005.  Gyrfalcon in Mackinac County 1/20/05. http://lists.envirolink.org/pipermail/mich-listers/2005-January/001679.html

(Wh)        White, S.E. 1893. Birds observed on Mackinac Island, Michigan, during the summers of 1889, 1890, and 1891.  The Auk 10:221-230  [also available on line -- http://www.jstor.org/stable/4068164?seq=2].

(Wi)      Wing, Leonard. 1939. Birds of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Research Studies of the State College of Washington VII(#4):163-98.

(Wd)      Wood, N. A. 1951. The birds of Michigan. University of Michigan Museum Zoology, Misc. Publ. 75.  559p.  http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/56320  (accessed 8 January 2010). 

(W5)       Wood, W. C. 1905. Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands. Wilson Bulletin., 17:48-50.  http://www.jstor.org/stable/4160867  (accessed 8 January 2010).  

(W7)       Wood, W.C. 1907. Additions to the 'Autumn birds of the Les Cheneaux Islands.'  Wilson Bulletin. 18:27.    http://www.jstor.org/stable/4154119  (accessed 8 January 2010).

(Z&VT)   Zimmerman, D.A. and Joselyn Van Tyne. 1959. A distributional check-list of the birds of Michigan. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 608. 63p.  http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57045/1/OP608.pdf   (accessed 3 January 2010).

  -------------

INDEX

This index includes only the common names of the birds given on the A.O.U. list.  The names preceded by an asterisk (*) are illustrated by photographs in the Photo Album of this web site    [ Photo Album ].
.  

A A A F F F K K K S S S V V V
avocet, American finch, house * kestrel, American

sanderling

vireo, blue-headed

       * purple 

* killdeer 

sandpiper, Baird’s

           Philadelphia
B B B  * flicker, northern
                      buff-breasted
         * red-eyed 
bittern, * American

* kingbird, eastern 

                      least
           warbling
                least

flycatcher, acadian

* kingfisher, belted                       pectoral              yellow-throated
blackbird, Brewer's                       alder kinglet, golden-crowned                    semipalmated vulture, black
              * red-winged                        ash-throated
               ruby-crowned                * solitary                * turkey
              * rusty                    great crested   kittiwake, black-legged
                * spotted   
* bluebird, eastern
  		                       least knot, red                    stilt  W W W
* bluebird, mountain                       olive-sided
                       upland

warbler, bay-breasted
* bobolink                        vermillion 
L L L * sapsucker, yellow-bellied                   black and white
* bobwhite, northern                       willow

* lark, horned

shrike, loggerhead

                  blackburnian
brant                       yellow-bellied

longspur, Lapland

          * northern                  blackpoll
bunting, * indigo  
loon, * common * siskin, pine                    black-throated blue
              * snow   G G G            red-throated * snipe, Wilson’s              * black-throated green

gnatcatcher, blue-gray
solitaire, Townsend's
         (not counted in total) 		                 blue-winged

C C C 

* gnatcatcher, blue-gray

 M M M sora                Canada 
* cardinal, northern godwit, marbled

martin, purple 

  
              Cape May

catbird, gray
*[sp.] meadowlark, eastern   sparrow, * chipping                   chestnut-sided

chickadee, * black-capped

* goldfinch, American  

                      western

             * clay-colored                  Connecticut
                  boreal  goose, barnacle
 		* merlin                    field
               golden-winged  
chicken, greater prairie           *  cackling
 * mockingbird, northern             * fox                magnolia

* coot, American

        * Canada 
                   grasshopper               mourning  

* cormorant, double-crested

        * greater white-fronted
                   house               Nashville 

        * snow
                   lark

* cowbird, brown-headed 

* grackle, common 

N N N

                    LeConte's              
          * orange-crowned

* crane, sandhill     

grebe, * horned

* nighthawk, common

             * Lincoln's              ovenbird 
* creeper, brown 

          * pied-billed 

* night-heron, black-crowned             * savannah                   palm

crossbill, red

           * red-necked nuthatch, * red-breasted
 		            * song   
                 parula (northern)

               * white-winged  

              western
 		                * white-breasted                swamp             * pine

* crow, American  

grosbeak, blue 


            * tree (American)                    prairie
cuckoo,* black-billed                   * evening O O O                vesper                  redstart (American) 
               * yellow-billed                  * pine                      oriole, Baltimore             * white-crowned                    Tennessee  

                 * rose-breasted

            orchard

             * white-throated                   Wilson's
D D D
 grouse, * ruffed                       * osprey *starling, European
            * yellow
dickcissel                * sharp-tailed owl, * barred stilt, black-necked
 		           * yellow-rumped

dove, * mourning   

               * spruce          * boreal

swallow, bank

               yellowthroat
          white-winged  gull, * Bonaparte's          * great gray             * barn  

waterthrush, northern
dowitcher, *? short-billed             Franklin's
        * great horned             * cliff  

waxwing, * Bohemian     

               long-billed

        * glaucous          * hawk (northern)                rough-winged                   * cedar  

duck,* American black

        * great black-backed           long-eared             * tree wheatear, northern
        * bufflehead        * herring        * saw-whet (northern) swan, * black
 		* whimbrel
      * canvasback           Iceland        * short-eared            * mute 

whip-poor-will
      * gadwall        * herring        * snowy                  trumpeter

willet

      * goldeneye, common * gyrfalcon

swift, chimney

* woodcock, American
      * long-tailed

H H H

P P P


woodpecker, * black-backed
      * mallard

* harrier, northern

 partridge, gray T T T                    * downy
      * merganser, common

hawk, * broad-winged  

* pelican, American white

 tanager, * summer                    * hairy   
      * merganser, hooded            Cooper's  

               * scarlet                    * pileated  
         * merganser, red-breasted
           northern goshawk * peregrine                western
 		                   * red-bellied  
     * northern pintail           * red-shouldered * pewee, eastern wood- 

tern, * black

                     red-headed  
     * redhead           * red-tailed  

* pheasant, ring-necked

            * Caspian
     * ring-necked           * rough-legged   * phoebe, eastern           * common wren, * house 
       * ruddy
           * sharp-shinned 

pigeon, passenger

            Forster’s           marsh  
     * scaup (greater)             * Swainson's
            * rock            royal
          sedge 
     * scaup (lesser) heron, * great blue

* pipit, American

* thrasher, brown           winter 
         scoter, black              green    plover,* black-bellied

thrush, gray-cheeked
         scoter, surf              tricolored
          * American golden-

          * hermit

 X X X
      * scoter, white-winged   * hummingbird, ruby-throated            * piping              Swainson's
      * shoveler (northern) hummingbird, rufous
            semipalmated                  varied
      (not counted in total) 		Y Y Y
         teal (blue-winged)
  
                 veery  yellowlegs, * greater 
         teal (cinnamon) I  I  I  Q Q Q               wood                    * lesser  
         teal (green-winged)



      * wigeon (American)
    

 J  J  J 

R R R

 titmouse, tufted
 Z Z Z

     * wood

jaeger, parasitic rail,* Virginia * towhee, eastern
* dunlin   jay, * blue 

        yellow

* turkey, wild   

         gray * raven, common
 turnstone, ruddy
E E E * junco, dark-eyed    redpoll, * common

eagle, * bald 
             * hoary       U U U 

           * golden
* robin, American  

egret, cattle
rosy-finch, gray-crowned
         (not counted in total)

       * great 



          snowy



63
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$ -171 (seen in county by rvd; $+ - 10 others seen in elsewhere in U.P.)

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 Updated: 10 May 2013